肿瘤患者体成分特征及其对肌少症发生的影响

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-490X.2026.02.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的分析肿瘤患者体成分特征及其对肌少症的影响,补充完善影响因素,为制定有针对性的防治策略提供有价值的依据。方法利用生物电阻抗法,对河北省保定市某三甲医院414例肿瘤患者进行体成分测定,分析体成分特征,并探讨其对肌少症的影响。结果不同性别的肿瘤患者中,男性高于女性的指标有基础代谢、蛋白质、细胞外水分、细胞内水分、身体总水分、去脂体质量、身体水分率(P<0.05);而体脂肪、无机盐、体脂百分比却表现为女性高于男性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同年龄组中,细胞内水分、细胞外水分、蛋白质、无机盐、体脂肪、基础代谢、身体总水分、身体水分率及体脂百分比在3个年龄组间的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且随着年龄增大,数值减小。多因素分析结果显示,年龄(OR=1.205,95%CI:1.132~1.283)是肿瘤患者发生肌少症的独立危险因素(P<0.05),体质量指数(OR=0.668,95%CI:0.532~0.839)、蛋白质(OR=0.781,95%CI:0.628~0.970)、基础代谢(OR=0.991,95%CI:0.988~0.994)、身体水分率(OR=0.905,95%CI:0.850~0.964)是肿瘤患者发生肌少症的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论年龄、体质量指数、蛋白质、基础代谢、身体水分率是发生肌少症的影响因素,年龄越大越易发生肌少症,基础代谢越高、体质量指数越大、蛋白质含量越高及身体水分率越高者发生肌少症的可能性越小。

关键词: 肿瘤患者, 体成分, 生物电阻抗, 肌少症, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To analyze the body composition characteristics of tumor patients and their association with sarcopenia, supplement and refine the influencing factors, and thereby provide a valuable evidence base for developing targeted prevention and treatment strategies.Methods A total of 414 tumor patients from a tertiary hospital in Baoding, Hebei Province were enrolled. Their body composition was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA). The characteristics of body composition were analyzed, and its impact on sarcopenia was explored. Results Among cancer patients of different genders, male patients exhibited significantly higher levels of basal metabolism, protein, extracellular water, intracellular water, total body water, fat-free mass, and body water percentage compared with female patients(all P<0.05). In contrast, female patients had significantly higher body fat, inorganic salts, and body fat percentage than male patients(all P<0.05). Across different age groups, intracellular water, extracellular water, protein, inorganic salts, body fat, basal metabolism, total body water, body water percentage, and body fat percentage showed statistically significant differences among the three age groups(all P<0.05), with values decreasing as age increased. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age was an independent risk factor for sarcopenia in cancer patients(OR=1.205, 95%CI: 1.132-1.283, P<0.05). Conversely, body mass index(BMI)(OR=0.668, 95%CI: 0.532-0.839, P< 0.05), protein content(OR=0.781, 95%CI: 0.628-0.970, P<0.05), basal metabolism(OR=0.991, 95%CI: 0.988-0.994, P<0.05), and body water percentage(OR=0.905, 95%CI: 0.850-0.964, P<0.05)were identified as protective factors against sarcopenia. Conclusion Age, BMI, protein content, basal metabolism, and body water percentage are key factors influencing sarcopenia in cancer patients. The risk of sarcopenia increases with age, while higher basal metabolism, BMI, protein content, and body water percentage are associated with a lower risk of sarcopenia.

Key words: cancer patients, body composition, bioelectrical impedance, sarcopenia, influencing factors

中图分类号:

李敏,张一曼,王运良,闫文丽,张红杰. 肿瘤患者体成分特征及其对肌少症发生的影响[J]. 医学研究与教育, 2026, 43(2): 39-48.

LI Min, ZHANG Yiman, WANG Yunliang, YAN Wenli, ZHANG Hongjie. Body composition characteristics of tumor patients and their impact on the occurrence of sarcopenia[J]. Journal of Hebei Medical College for Continuing Education, 2026, 43(2): 39-48.

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