Neurodegenerative diseases are a class of disorders caused by multiple factors, characterized by progressive neuronal damage, with Alzheimer disease(AD)and Parkinson disease(PD)and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS)as typical representatives. Their pathogenesis is closely associated with various pathological processes, including oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and abnormal protein aggregation, and effective therapeutic methods are currently lacking. In recent years, studies have shown that hydrogen exerts neuroprotective effects through multiple pathways, such as alleviating oxidative stress, inhibiting neuroinflammation, and regulating cell apoptosis. This review summarizes the mechanisms of hydrogen in neuroprotection and the progress of related clinical studies, aiming to provide new ideas for its future clinical application in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

Irisin is a novel myokine primarily secreted by skeletal muscle, exhibiting multiple biological functions including the induction of white adipose tissue browning, maintenance of glucose and lipid homeostasis, and bone protection. Irisin is also involved in regulating the pathological processes of various diseases, with particular attention drawn to its role in programmed cell death. Ferroptosis and pyroptosis are two emerging forms of programmed cell death, characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and inflammasome activation respectively, and are closely associated with the onset and progression of metabolic diseases, inflammatory injuries, and tumors. This article systematically reviews the role and molecular mechanisms of irisin in regulating ferroptosis and pyroptosis under various pathological conditions, including sepsis, diabetes-related diseases, ischemia-reperfusion injury, osteoporosis and cancer. Furthermore, it discusses the prospects and challenges of irisin as a potential therapeutic target, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for future research.

Age-related macular degeneration(AMD)is one of the major causes leading to vision deterioration and irreversible loss among the elderly population worldwide. As the process of population aging progresses, the incidence of AMD increases, which to some extent reduces the self-care ability of patients and increases the burden on society and families. Given that the damage caused by AMD to patients' vision is irreversible, this disease has now attracted great attention and concern from ophthalmologists at home and abroad. Choroidal neovascularization and atrophy are characteristic manifestations of AMD and play an important role in the progression of the disease. The mechanism of choroidal neovascularization and atrophy are complex and are regulated by various vascular inhibitory and stimulating factors. In recent years, a new clinical biomarker, pigment epithelium-derived factor(PEDF), has emerged. It is a vascular growth inhibitor and an important member of the serine protease inhibitor family, with neurotrophic and anti-neovascularization regulatory functions. The intrinsic retationship between PEDF and AMD, as well as the research progress of AMD treatment based on PEDF, provide a theoretical basis for in-depth elucidation of the pathogenesis of AMD and exploration of new clinical treatment strategies.

Supramalleolar osteotomy is an effective surgical approach for managing mid-stage varus ankle osteoarthritis. Specific techniques include medial opening-wedge osteotomy, lateral closing-wedge osteotomy, arc-shaped osteotomy, intra-articular osteotomy and tibial double-plane osteotomy. This review aims to summarize these techniques to assist surgeons in selecting the most appropriate procedure based on the severity of deformity and individual patient characteristics. Additionally, this article addresses current controversies and potential postoperative complications associated with supramalleolar osteotomy, providing insights that are valuable for both clinical practice and future research in the treatment of varus ankle osteoarthritis.

College of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei University has established a workshop with Chinese medicine characteristics and expertise to deeply explore the formation, academic ideas and professional achievements of folk Chinese medicine families, and apply the essence of folk Chinese medicine to undergraduate teaching of Chinese medicine, making it an important supplement to higher education of Chinese medicine. The author of this article conducted academic exchanges and in-depth interviews with Liu Xianguang, the eighth generation inheritor of the Yishui School, on the origins of the Liu family of traditional Chinese medicine in Lianhua Temple, Chongqing, as well as the inheritance context, basic academic ideas, and clinical characteristics of the Liu family of traditional Chinese medicine. The aim was to explore its implications for current higher education in traditional Chinese medicine.

In recent years, the research and clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)to prevent and treat radial artery spasm(RAS)of patients in perioperation of transradial coronary intervention(TRI)have become deeper and deeper, with unique advantages of multi-level intervention and multi-target intervention. This article will summarize the latest achievements in TCM in the prevention and treatment of RAS complicating TRI, including the latest understanding of RAS pathogenesis in Chinese medicine and Western medicine, latest development of evidence-based methods for TCM prevention and treatment, new integrated Chinese-Western innovative models and so on. This article explains the pros and cons of current research, and provides perspectives for conducting high-quality clinical research, exploring mechanisms of action and technological innovation, providing practical information for clinicians, and the development of this discipline.

Xuefu Zhuyu Tang is a representative prescription from Yilin Gaicuo for Huoxue Huayu,Xingqi Jieyu. It combines the effects of Quyu and Yangxue, offering the advantages of Huoxue without Haoxue and Xingqi without Shangyin. Additionally, it balances both ascending and descending functions, enhancing Qingyang while Jiangxie downward, achieving Qixuetiaohe, as well as Yinpingyangmi. During clinical practice, my mentor Li Chuntang employed the principle of Yibingtongzhi. During my observation period, he skillfully used Xuefu Zhuyu Tang to treat various complex conditions such as Yebuanmei, sleep disorders, Yuzheng, and diaphoresis at dawn, achieving excellent therapeutic outcomes. This article compiles past medical cases observed during apprenticeship, selecting four exemplary cases to demonstrate its application.

Objective To explore the relationship between perceived social support and learning engagement in medical students in Nanjing and provide intervention basis for improving their learning engagement. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted in 350 clinical medicine undergraduates in Nanjing using the Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS), the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ), the Chinese Version of Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-Student(UWES-S), and the Stress Scale for College Students(SSCS). Results Learning engagement was positively correlated with perceived social support and positive coping style(r=0.323, 0.527, both P<0.01), and negatively correlated with stress(r=-0.144, P<0.01). The positive influence of perceived social support on learning engagement is fully mediated by positive coping style. Moreover, the relationship between perceived social support and positive coping style is moderated by stress. Conclusion Enhancing perceived social support, cultivating positive coping strategies, and implementing differentiated interventions for high-stress individuals are effective paths to improve medical students' learning engagement.

Objective To conduct a scoping review of the current status, assessment tools, and influencing factors related to return to work(RTW)in patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)and provide evidence-based references to facilitate their RTW. Methods Following the Joanna Briggs Institute(JBI)Scoping Review guidelines, a systematic search was performed in EMbase, PubMed, Web of Science,Scopus, CINAHL, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM)from database inception to April 2026. Two researchers independently screened the literature, then jointly summarized the findings and performed a systematic analysis. Results A total of 18 articles were included. The RTW rate of CHD patients ranged from 50.00% to 91.10%. The main assessment tools identified were the Readiness for Return to Work Scale(Cronbach's α=0.753-0.843), the Return to Work Self-efficacy Questionnaire(Cronbach's α=0.835), and The Functional Status Questionnaire. Influencing factors for RTW included demographic factors, disease-related factors, behavioral and psychological factors, treatment-related factors, and social factors. Conclusion RTW among CHD patients is influenced by multiple factors. Early identification of high-risk groups, implementation of individualized treatment and follow-up, strengthening of evidence-based nursing interventions, and promotion of clinical translation are recommended to improve long-term prognosis and quality of life.