Abstract: Objective To investigate the difference in the efficacy of atomized inhalation of nitroglycerin and sildenafil in the treatment of neonatal pulmonary hypertension.Methods All of 54 cases of PPHN were randomly divided into nitroglycerin group(n=27)and sildenafil group(n=27), and all children received general treatments such as oxygen inhalation, acidosis correction, electrolyte balance maintenance and so on.On the basis of the above treatment,the patients of nitroglycerin group were treated with atomized inhalation of nitroglycerin, and those of sildenafil group were given nasal feeding or oral sildenafil.The efficacy and safety after treatment were compared and analyzed.Results Before treatment, there were no significant differences in the heart rate(HR), respiratory rate(RR), systolic pulmonary artery pressure(SPAP)and arterial oxygen partial pressure(PaO₂)between two groups(P>0.05).After treatment, HR, RR and SPAP in the nitroglycerin group and the sildenafil group decreased significantly, while the index value of PaO₂ increased significantly.Compared with before treatment, HR, RR, SPAP and PaO₂ in the two groups showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05), indicating that the treatment was effective.There was no significant difference in the clinical cure rate between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Atomized nitroglycerin inhalation, nasal feeding or oral sildenafil are both effective in the treatment of neonatal mild to moderate pulmonary hypertension, with strong practicability, good safety, cheap and there was no difference in efficacy, which are ideal schemes for the treatment of this disease.

Key words: nitroglycerin, sildenafil, newborn, persistent pulmonary hypertension