iNKT细胞在肥胖脂肪组织慢性炎症发生中的作用

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-490X.2018.01.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 肥胖症是一种多因素引起的慢性代谢性功能紊乱疾病,炎症在肥胖和代谢综合征中起重要的作用。肥胖所伴随的低度慢性炎症,与冠心病、高血压、糖尿病等紧密相关。近来研究发现恒定自然杀伤T(invariant natural killer T,iNKT)细胞在脂肪组织炎症中发挥重要作用,并一度被认为是肥胖脂肪组织炎症的主要参与者,其在慢性炎症中的研究也越来越受到人们的关注。在脂肪组织中,激活iNKT是通过脂肪细胞上面的CD1d来呈递脂质抗原,同时iNKT细胞产生的细胞因子又会调节脂肪细胞的功能,以此来改变抗炎脂肪因子的表达以及炎症性和趋化因子的产生。因此,脂肪细胞与iNKT细胞之间的相互作用可能不仅影响肥胖,还会影响肥胖相关疾病的发展,但iNKT细胞到底是促进还是抑制肥胖脂肪组织炎症的发生发展呢?目前具体作用机制还没有详细阐明。在该综述中,总结并讨论了iNKT细胞在肥胖脂肪组织慢性炎症中的最新研究进展,从而为后续肥胖及肥胖相关性疾病研究做理论支撑和基础准备。

关键词: iNKT细胞, 肥胖, 炎症

Abstract: With the improvement of people’s lives,obese people are gradually increasing,obesity growth rate is increasingly soaring,obesity has become a human health impact of the “killer.” It is well known that inflammation plays an important role in obesity and metabolic syndrome.The low-grade chronic inflammation associated with adipose tissue is closely related to type 2 diabetes mellitus,nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,and cardiovascular disease and so on.It is known that a variety of intrinsic and adaptive immune cells are involved in regulating the inflammatory response during obesity.These immune cells include macrophages,T lymphocytes,B lymphocytes,Treg cells,etc.,which interact with adipose tissue and cause sustained low inflammatory response,increasingly aggravating metabolic disorders.Recent studies have invariantnatural killer T(iNKT)cells.Studies have shown that adipocytes express CD1d and present lipid antigens to activate iNKT cells,and the function of adipocytes is regulated by cytokines produced by iNKT cells in order to alter the expression of anti-inflammatory adipokines as well as the expression of inflammatory and chemokines production.These studies suggest that the interaction between adipocytes and iNKT cells may not only affect obesity,but also affect the development of obesity-related diseases,but iiNKT cells in obesity,the specific mechanism of action is still unclear.In this review,we summarize and discuss the latest research progress of iNKT cells in chronic inflammation of obese adipose tissue so as to make theoretical support and basic preparation for follow-up obesity and obesity-related diseases study.

Key words: iNKT cells, obesity, inflammation

中图分类号:

赵会娟,尹晓琳,王园园,刘慧芳,孟明,陈冬志. iNKT细胞在肥胖脂肪组织慢性炎症发生中的作用[J]. 医学研究与教育, 2018, 35(1): 19-24.

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