Table of Content

25 April 2022, Volume 39 Issue 2

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The key role of Nrf2 in ischemic stroke

ZHU Jianping, LI Yunman

2022, 39(2):  1-9.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-490X.2022.02.001

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Ischemic stroke is one of the main causes of death and disability worldwide. Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2)is an important transcription factor that regulates the balance of the body's redox reaction. It participates in resisting endogenous or exogenous stress by coordinating a variety of cytoprotective genes. The Nrf2 signaling pathway not only strictly regulates the body's redox homeostasis, but also participates in the regulation of multiple processes in the body metabolism. Therefore, targeting Nrf2 has become a potential strategy for the prevention and treatment of central nervous system diseases including ischemic stroke. In this review, we first introduced the structural features of Nrf2 and Kelch-like ECH-related protein 1(Keap1), and briefly described the activation and regulation of the Nrf2 pathway. Next, we discussed the pathological and physiological mechanism, upstream regulators and downstream targets of the Nrf2 pathway. In this context, we extended the discussion to the role of Nrf2 after ischemic stroke and explored potential therapeutic directions.

Effects of PDCD5 on the patients with severe influenza

LI Ming, SU Wei, MA Shiheng, WANG Tao

2022, 39(2):  10-15.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-490X.2022.02.002

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Objective To analyze the clinical complications of patients with influenza pneumonia in different PDCD5 levels and the risk factors of severe influenza patients. Methods 104 patients with influenza treated in our hospital from June 2020 to December 2020 were divided into HP group(PDCD5>10 μg/L, n=38)and LP group(PDCD5≤10 μg/L, n=66). They were divided into mild disease group(n=61)and severe disease group(n=43)according to the severity. The incidence of respiratory failure, cardiac myositis and multiple organ failure(MODS)were analyzed. The general and clinical data of the two groups were compared, and the independent risk factors of severe patients were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression. Results The incidence of respiratory failure, myocarditis and MODS in HP group were higher than those in LP group(P<0.05). Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences between severe group and mild group in BMI, smoking history, COPD, MMP9, PaO₂/FiO₂, lymphocyte, lymphocyte subsets and PDCD5 level(P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that low lymphocyte and CD4⁺T cell, high PCT and PDCD5>10 μg/L were independent risk factors for patients with severe influenza(P<0.05). Conclusion Lymphocytes, CD4⁺T lymphocytes, PDCD5 and PCT may affect the disease progression and more attention should be paid to those indexes.

Advances on vasculogenic mimicry in breast cancer

WEI Yali,SUN Chengcheng,WANG Xiaochun

2022, 39(2):  16-23.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-490X.2022.02.003

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Vasculogenic mimicry is a special model of angiogenesis. This structure is composed of tumor cells instead of traditional endothelial cells, and provides nutrition for tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. In recent years, it has been found that vasculogenic mimicry is related to the prognosis, invasion, metastasis and drug resistance of many kinds of malignant tumors. It is generally believed that vasculogenic mimicry and angiogenesis depend on some common mechanisms. And some people believe that the formation of vasculogenic mimicry is one of the reasons leading to the development of resistance to anti-angiogenic drugs. The mechanism of vasculogenic mimicry in breast cancer, including related signaling pathways, as well as tumor stem cells, epithelial mesenchymal and anti angiogenesis therapy, are reviewed. The significance and future direction of vasculogenic mimicry as a therapeutic target for breast cancer will be prospected.

Diurnal distribution characteristics and related influencing factors of febrile seizures in children

HOU Ting,ZHONG Xiaoyi,WEI Jihong

2022, 39(2):  24-28.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-490X.2022.02.004

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Objective To explore the diurnal distribution characteristics and related factors of the number of febrile convulsions in children. Methods The diurnal distribution characteristics of 443 children with febrile convulsion hospitalized in the Department of Pediatrics of Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University from January 2014 to December 2019 were analyzed retrospectively. The effects of gender(male/female), age at onset(≤3 years old/>3 years old), gestational age(preterm birth/term birth)and birth mode(caesarean delivery/natural delivery)on the day-night distribution of febrile seizures were analyzed. Results The diurnal distribution of the number of seizures was different(χ²=5.411,P=0.020), the results of univariate analysis showed that there were differences in the day and night distribution of seizures in children with different genders, age at first onset, and gestational age(all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age at onset and gestational age the influencing factors of the diurnal distribution of febrile seizures in children, and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).Conclusion The diurnal distribution of the number of febrile convulsions in children has certain characteristics, which is affected by age at onset and gestational age.

A bibliometric analysis of 10 years in the hot research and development trend of Yishui school based on CiteSpace

XU Heng, ZHANG Jinmin, ZHANG Yaqi, LIU Dasheng, LI Fuhai, GE Shaoqin, ZHAO Hanqing

2022, 39(2):  29-40.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-490X.2022.02.005

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In order to analyze and discuss the research hotspots and development trends of the Yishui school in the field of domestic scholars in the past 10 years, the relevant literature of the Yishui school in CNKI, Wanfang, VIP in the recent 10 years were explored using bibliometrics. The CiteSpace software was applied to draw a knowledge map, and the amount of articles, research teams, issuing organizations, and keywords were visually analyzed and retrieved. The study included 2 397 related documents, 3 649 keywords, 17 keyword clusters; 53 authors published more than 5 articles, and found that Zhang Baochun and Ren Beida, Liu Guirong and Yao Wenxuan, Li Fuping and Dong Shangpu and other scholars were the three major academically influential teams represented mainly focus on Li Dongyuan and Piwei theory. In the past five years, they had begun to pay attention to other Yishui school representatives during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the past two years, we had produced certain results in the context of new coronavirus pneumonia, but the overall analysis of the internal organs identification theory and other researches were slightly insufficient, and the research methods were slightly outdated, suggesting that in the future we should strengthen the research on the traceability of the Yishui school and further improve the inheritance system of the Yishui school.

Influencing factors of deciduous teeth caries of preschool children in China:a Meta analysis

WANG Mi, CHEN Jingjing, LIU Fang, ZHANG Yan, QI Jing

2022, 39(2):  41-47.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-490X.2022.02.006

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Objective To provide reference for the prevention of deciduous caries of preschool in China by analyzing the influencing factors of deciduous caries of preschool. Methods Computer retrieval of clinical case-control trial literatures meeting the requirements was conducted on common databases including Embase, Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Web of Science, Chinese Academic Journal Full-Text Database(CNKI), Wanfang Database, Viper and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database(CBM)at home and abroad, and the retrieval time was from build libraries to October 2020. Chinese and English literatures related to the factors affecting primary tooth caries in preschool children were collected, and the quality of the included literatures was strictly evaluated by 2 researchers, and the data of middle and high quality literatures were extracted. Results A total of 5 730 subjects were included in 10 articles, including 3 012 cases with caries and 2 718 cases without caries. The Meta analysis results showed that the risk factors of caries in preschool in China were: brushing times <1(OR=3.06,95%CI=2.08-4.48,P<0.05), frequently eating sweets or candies(OR=1.33,95%CI=1.17-1.51,P<0.05), eating sweets before going to bed(OR=2.94,95%CI=1.64-5.26,P<0.05). Gargle habit(OR=0.36, 95%CI=0.23-0.57, P<0.05)is an important protective factor of caries in preschool children in China. Conclusion The establishment of good oral hygiene habits is helpful to reduce the risk of dental caries in preschool children in China。

Application progress of Snyder's hope theory in the nursing of chronic non-malignant patients

PANG Lin, JING Kunjuan

2022, 39(2):  48-53.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-490X.2022.02.007

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Chronic non-malignant diseases refer to other chronic diseases other than cancer, which cause serious psychological burden to patients and their families due to the persistence of the disease. Hope, as an inner psychological force, can enhance the patient's self-confidence in the face of the disease. This paper introduces the connotation of Snyder's theory of hope, summarizes and analyzes the influencing factors of the hope level of chronic non-malignant patients and the application status of hope theory in the nursing of chronic non-malignant patients, and provides a reference for the development of targeted intervention measures for chronic non-malignant patients.

A meta-analysis of the detection rate of dysphagia in patients with acute stroke

YANG Yang, WANG Jue, LIU Ning

2022, 39(2):  54-65.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-490X.2022.02.008

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Objective To systematically evaluate the status of dysphagia in patients with acute stroke. Methods PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database(CBM), VIP, CNKI, WanFang and other databases were used to search literatures on the detection rate of dysphagia in patients with acute stroke from the establishment of the database to November 5, 2021. Two nursing researchers independently screened the retrieved literatures according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data, and evaluated the bias risk of the included literatures. Then Stata16 software was used for Meta analysis. Results A total of 29 articles were included, including 26799 subjects. The prevalence of dysphagia in acute stroke patients was 53%(95%CI:0.46-0.60). Subgroup analysis showed 20% of males(95%CI:0.17-0.22)and 20% of females(95%CI:0.17-0.24). The detection rates were 6%(95%CI:-0.03-0.15)in patients under 50 years old, 9%(95%CI:0.04-0.15)in patients 50 to 59 years old, 26%(95%CI:-0.04-0.56)in patients 60 to 69 years old, 29%(95%CI:0.03-0.54)in patients aged 70-79 years, and 39%(95%CI:-0.24-1.03)in patients aged 80 years or older. The prevalence of dysphagia in cerebral stem, cerebellum, cerebellum, brainstem + cerebellum and brainstem + hemisphere stroke patients was 39%, 13%, 21%, 33% and 90% respectively. The detection rates of swallowing disorders in patients with total anterior circulation infarction(TACI), partial anterior circulation infarction(PACI), posterior circulation infarction(POCI)and lacunar infarction(LACI)were 58%, 25%, 26% and 16% respectively. The prevalence of dysphagia in patients with cardiogenic stroke, large vessel occlusion, small vessel occlusion and atherosclerosis was 18%, 14%, 9% and 14% respectively. The prevalence of dysphagia in patients with hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, atrial fibrillation and hyperlipidemia were 19%, 22%, 19%, 22%, 22% and 10% respectively. The prevalence of dysphagia in hypertension, diabetes, smoking and drinking was 28%, 27%, 38% and 16% respectively. Conclusion The rate of dysphagia in acute stroke patients is high. However, due to the limitations of the quality and quantity of the included literatures, the above conclusions still need to be verified by incorporating higher-quality literatures.

Advances on drug management in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

LUO Fameng, LIU Rong, ZHANG Haiyan

2022, 39(2):  66-71.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-490X.2022.02.009

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In recent years, the incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD)has been increasing in China, and it is a common digestive system disease mainly manifested as long-term and persistent repeated inflammation. This paper induced, summarized and analyzed relevant literatures on drug management of IBD patients at home and abroad in recent years, and expounded whether it could improve patients' drug management ability, improve their cognition of disease and improve their quality of life, so as to provide reference for hospitals or communities to implement drug management of IBD.

Construction of clinical competence evaluation index system for oral cavity undergraduate interns

Ma binger, Chen Huishan, Wang Haiyou, Lu Yanhui, Zhou Yuan, Yang Huixiao

2022, 39(2):  72-80.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-490X.2022.02.010

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Objective To construct a clinical ability evaluation index system for oral cavity undergraduate interns to apply to the evaluation of clinical competence of oral cavity undergraduate interns, and to promote the whole oral clinical practice teaching, and to improve the comprehensive clinical quality of interns. Methods Based on the literature review, this study preliminarily constructed the clinical competence evaluation index system for oral cavity undergraduate interns, and used Delphi expert consultation to conduct two rounds of expert consultation, and selected the clinical competence evaluation index system for oral cavity undergraduate interns and and determined the weight by using analytic hierarchy process and percentage weight method.Results After two rounds of Delphi's expert consultation,an index system of clinical ability evaluation for oral cavity undergraduate interns with 8 primary indicators and 55 secondary indicators was constructed and its weight was determined.Conclusion Based on the reasonable application of Delphi's expert consultation method, this study established a clinical competence evaluation index system for oral undergraduate interns, which is comprehensive and suitable for the evaluation of clinical competence of oral cavity undergraduates. The index system is conducive to discovering the problems existing in the interns during the internship and promptly recommending improvement strategies, and playing a guiding role in improving the clinical ability of the interns.