Abstract: Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of recombinant human interferon α1b nasopharyngeal spray in treatment of viral upper respiratory tract infection. Methods 112 children with viral upper respiratory tract infection diagnosed in pediatric outpatient department of our hospital from April 2018 to December 2020 were collected. According to the random method, they were divided into experimental group and control group, with 56 cases in each group. The experimental group was given 100 U recombinant interferon α1b+2 mL normal saline to spray nasopharynx, with 3 times/d and continuous treatment for 3-5 days. And both groups were given routine treatment such as cough relieving, phlegm resolving, fever reducing and anti-infection. After 3-5 days of treatment, the improvement of symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection, signs(nasal congestion, runny nose, cough, fever, pharyngeal congestion)and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. Results The duration of fever(t=5.707, P=0.000), remission time of systemic symptoms(t=6.994,P=0.000)total course(t=4.593, P=0.000)of the experimental group were shorter than those of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant. The curative effects of the experimental group were better than the control group(Z=-2.869, P=0.004). The scores of nasal congestion, runny nose(t=14.707, P=0.000), cough(t=13.710, P=0.000)and pharyngeal congestion(t=13.430, P=0.000)in the experimental group were better than those in the control group. Only one child in the experimental group had nausea, and the others had no adverse reactions. Conclusion The application of recombinant human interferon α1b nasopharyngeal spray is effective and safe in the treatment of children with acute upper respiratory tract infection.

Key words: viral upper respiratory infection, recombinant human interferon α1b nasopharyngeal, nasopharyngeal spray therapy