某社区人群对阿尔茨海默病早期筛查意愿分析

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-490X.2024.01.008

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的了解城市社区居民阿尔茨海默病早期筛查意愿及影响因素,为采取相关干预措施、提高筛查意愿提供依据。方法自行编制调查问卷。数据采用EpiData 3.0建立数据库,并用SPSS 26.0软件包进行统计分析。利用卡方检验进行单因素分析,用Logistic回归进行多因素分析。结果发放问卷200份,有效问卷183份,有效率为91.50%。在阿尔茨海默病的认知水平方面,有83人阿尔茨海默病相关知识掌握程度≥12分,占45.36%;100人阿尔茨海默病相关知识掌握程度<12分,占54.64%。在筛查意愿方面,170人(92.90%)愿意参与早期筛查,13人(7.10%)表示不愿意参与筛查。影响因素分析显示,阿尔茨海默病认知水平高、医学相关工作者以及愿意获取阿尔茨海默病相关知识的人群倾向于参加早期筛查。结论社区人群关于阿尔茨海默病筛查宣传教育应以阿尔茨海默病认知水平低、非医学工作者为重点人群。

关键词: 阿尔茨海默病, 筛查意愿, 影响因素

Abstract: Objective To investigate the willingness and influencing factors of early screening of Alzheimer's disease among urban community residents and provide a basis for taking relevant interventions and improving the willingness of screening. Methods Self-developed questionnaires. The data were established using EpiData 3.0 and statistically analyzed using the SPSS 26.0 software package. Chi-square test was used for univariate analysis and Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. Results 200 questionnaires were distributed and 183 were valid, with an effective rate of 91.50%.In terms of the cognitive level of Alzheimer's disease,83 people had a ≥12 points in the knowledge of Alzheimer's disease, accounting for 45.36%. The knowledge level of Alzheimer's disease related to 100 people <12 points, accounting for 54.64%. In terms of willingness to screen, 170(92.90%)felt that early screening was necessary and 13(7.10%)did not see the need for early screening. The analysis of influencing factors showed that people with high awareness of Alzheimer's disease, medical workers and people who were willing to acquire Alzheimer's disease related knowledge were more inclined to participate in early screening. Conclusion The publicity and education of Alzheimer's disease screening in the community should focus on non-medical workers with low Alzheimer's disease cognition.

Key words: Alzheimer's disease, screening intention, influencing factor

中图分类号:

魏浩然,陈冲,张红杰. 某社区人群对阿尔茨海默病早期筛查意愿分析[J]. 医学研究与教育, 2024, 41(1): 56-61.

参考文献

[1] HUANG Y D, MUCKE L. Alzheimer mechanisms and therapeutic strategies[J]. Cell, 2012, 148(6): 1204-1222. DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.02.040.
[2] 任汝静, 殷鹏, 王志会,等.中国阿尔茨海默病报告2021[J].诊断学理论与实践, 2021,20(4):317-337. DOI: 10.16150/j.1671-2870.2021.04.001.
[3] 何冠楠.中国的老龄化趋势下阿尔兹海默症发病情况与预防[J].临床医药文献电子杂志, 2016, 3(40): 8083-8084. DOI: 10.16281/j.cnki.jocml.2016.40.135.
[4] SCHELTENS P, DE STROOPER B, KIVIPELTO M, et al. Alzheimer's disease[J]. Lancet, 2021, 397(10284): 1577-1590. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32205-4.
[5] 胡轶虹, 白春艳, 周艳,等.阿尔茨海默病的生物标志物研究进展[J].中风与神经疾病杂志, 2016, 33(1):90-92. DOI: 10.19845/j.cnki.zfysjjbzz.2016.01.026.
[6] 朱琼, 陈星星.阿尔茨海默病的流行病学调查及国内康复治疗现状分析[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志, 2017, 39(11): 866-869. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-1424.2017.11.018.
[7] 黄丽, 徐英.阿尔兹海默病患者经济负担的研究进展[J].成都医学院学报, 2021, 16(6): 805-808. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-2257.2021.06.028.
[8] 武力勇.阿尔茨海默病的早期诊断和治疗[J].人口与健康, 2023(9): 89-92.
[9] 张雷, 范占芳, 张作鹏, 等.阿尔兹海默症发病机制及相关治疗药物的研究进展[J].中国药物化学杂志, 2021, 31(6): 438-446, 469. DOI: 10.14142/j.cnki.cn21-1313/r.2021.06.006.
[10] 都梦帆, 胥冰, 郭东艳, 等.基于Aβ蛋白的阿尔兹海默症的中医药治疗研究进展[J].陕西中医药大学学报, 2022, 45(2): 146-150. DOI: 10.13424/j.cnki.jsctcm.2022.02.032.
[11] 王汇炘, 张丽君.系统性护理干预应用于阿尔茨海默症患者护理中的效果[J].中国社区医师, 2023, 39(28): 125-127.
[12] 朱宏伟, 吴叶, 褚庆文, 等.综合干预治疗对社区阿尔兹海默病患者疗效的影响[J].临床精神医学杂志, 2019, 29(2): 102-105. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-3220.2019.02.009.
[13] 薛慧萍, 侯苹, 李永男, 等.记忆与执行筛查量表在鉴别轻度认知功能障碍与阿尔兹海默病中的作用[J].全科护理, 2019, 17(11): 1291-1294. DOI: 10.12104/j.issn.1674-4748.2019.11.004.
[14] 谢韬, 胡莉涓, 李庆.轻度认知障碍的早期识别及认知干预[J].中国老年学杂志, 2018, 38(4): 990-993. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-9202.2018.04.089.
[15] 郝博济.阿尔茨海默症治疗药物的研发现状和发展趋势[J].医学研究杂志, 2012, 41(10): 9-12, 155. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-548X.2012.10.004.
[16] 刘耀萌, 赵百孝, 刘钧天,等.针灸在治疗阿尔茨海默病中的临床应用探讨[J].上海针灸杂志, 2016, 35(11): 1375-1378. DOI: 10.13460/j.issn.1005-0957.2016.11.1375.
[17] 吴玉莲, 杨晋如, 程桂荣, 等.中国居民对阿尔茨海默病临床表现及危害识别[J].中国老年学杂志, 2019, 39(8): 1992-1996. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-9202.2019.08.063.
[18] 韩红娟, 秦瑶, 乔果果,等.基于Lasso Cox回归模型的早期阿尔茨海默病转归预测研究[J].中华疾病控制杂志, 2023, 27(8): 907-915. DOI: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2023.08.007.
[19] 易军, 张道鹏.阿尔兹海默病患者生活质量及其影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生, 2015, 31(11): 1481-1485. DOI: 10.11847/zgggws2015-31-11-35.