外泌体长链非编码RNA在胃癌中的研究进展

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-490X.2023.03.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 胃癌是常见的消化系统恶性肿瘤,发病率及病死率均较高,目前仍缺乏有效的筛查和早期诊断手段。长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA, lncRNA)是一类长度大于200个核苷酸的非编码RNA,在多种恶性肿瘤中异常表达。外泌体是广泛存在于人体各种体液中直径为40~100 nm的膜性囊泡,内含有核酸分子、蛋白质等多种生物活性物质,在细胞间通讯过程中发挥重要作用。越来越多的研究表明,外泌体lncRNA在胃癌细胞的增殖、侵袭、转移和耐药方面具有重要调控作用,调节其表达水平可以促进或抑制胃癌的进展。此外,一些外泌体lncRNA还可作为胃癌诊断及预后评估的潜在生物标志物,甚至是胃癌的治疗靶点。现结合国内外近年来的相关研究报道,对外泌体lncRNA在胃癌中的研究进展进行综述。

关键词: 胃癌, 外泌体, 长链非编码RNA, 诊断, 预后

Abstract: Gastric cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive system, with high morbidity and high mortality. There is still no effective method for its screening and early diagnosis. Long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)is a kind of non-coding RNAs with a length of more than 200 nucleotides, which is abnormally expressed in a variety of malignant tumors. Exosomes are membranous vesicles with a diameter of about 40-100 nm, which are widely distributed in various body fluids. They play an important role in intercellular communication, containing various biologically active substances such as nucleic acid, protein. More and more studies have shown that exosomal lncRNA plays an important regulatory role in the proliferation, invasion, metastasis and treatment resistance of gastric cancer cells. Regulating its expression level can promote or inhibit the progress of gastric cancer. In addition, some exosomal lncRNA have promising potential as diagnostic and prognostic markers for gastric cancer, and even as therapeutic targets for gastric cancer. Combined with the relevant research reports at home and abroad in recent years, this paper reviews the research developments of exosomal lncRNA in gastric cancer.

Key words: gastric cancer, exosomes, long non-coding RNA, diagnosis, prognosis

中图分类号:

冯长平,张卓奇,苏宇. 外泌体长链非编码RNA在胃癌中的研究进展[J]. 医学研究与教育, 2023, 40(3): 14-21.

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